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Chrysanthemums were first cultivated in China and have been described in writings as early as 15th century B.C. Together with the plum, bamboo and orchid, they are collectively known as the “Four Noble Ones”, used to depict the unfolding of seasons and are also widely regarded as the embodiment of traditional Chinese virtues.
The chrysanthemums herald the arrival of fall. Like the courageous and steadfast man, the chrysanthemum continues to flourish in full color throughout autumn and sometimes well into winter. It defies the cold winds and early snow, remaining in bloom even after all the other flowers have withered. This indomitable spirit reminds us that we can triumph in the face of adversity, without losing our dignity and grace.
Perhaps the chrysanthemum’s most prominent fan is Tao Yuan Ming, often considered the greatest poet in the period of the Six Dynasties. Disillusioned by the infighting and corruption and feeling that life should not be all about the pursuit of power and gain, he resigned from his government job and lived in retirement in the countryside. His poems describe his idyllic and peaceful life away from the strife of politics. Inspired by the chrysanthemums that grew along the eastern hedge of his home, he wrote a large number of poems featuring the chrysanthemum.
His most famous verse was “I pluck chrysanthemums by the eastern fence, and view the southern mountains from the distance”.